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The supplement provided daily: 186 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 480 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 96mg of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), 60 IU of vitamin E, and 864 mg of linoleic acid. Compared with placebo, active treatment significantly improved symptom scores related to both cognitive problems and behavioral abnormalities. No adverse effects were seen. Comment: Previous studies have shown that boys with ADHD have lower concentrations of certain fatty acids in plasma lipids and red blood cells than do healthy children. As both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids play a role in normal brain function, it is possible that essential fatty acid deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of ADHD. The results of the present study indicate that supplementation with a combination of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids may be beneficial in the treatment of ADHD and associated learning disabilities. It is not clear which fatty acids in the supplement were responsible the improvement. In previous studies, evening primrose oil alone (a source of GLA and linoleic acid) and DHA alone provided little or no benefit for children with ADHD. Those findings suggest that the main active ingredient in the present study was EPA, or that a combination of omega-3 and omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids is more effective than the supplements used in earlier studies. Richardson AJ, et al. A rando mized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2002;26;233-239.
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